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UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD TL5001
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
DESCRIPTION
The UTC TL5001 incorporates on a single monolithic chip all the functions required for a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit. Designed primarily for power-supply control, It contains an error amplifier, a regulator, an oscillator, a PWM comparator with a dead-time-control input, undervoltage lockout (UVLO), short-circuit protection (SCP), and an open-collector output transistor. The error-amplifier common-mode voltage ranges from 0V to 1.5V. The noninverting input of the error amplifier is connected to a 1-V reference. Dead-time control (DTC) can be set to provide 0% to 100% dead time by connecting an external resistor between DTC and GND. The oscillator frequency is set by terminating RT with an external resistor to GND. During low Vcc conditions, the UVLO circuit turns the output off until Vcc recovers to its normal operating range.
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
DIP-8
SOP-8
*Pb-free plating product number: TL5001L
FEATURES
*Complete PWM power control *3.6-V to 40-V operation *Internal under voltage-lockout circuit *Internal short-circuit protection *Oscillator frequency : 20kHz to 500kHz *Variable dead timer provides control over total range
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number Normal Lead Free Plating TL5001-D08-T TL5001L-D08-T TL5001-S08-R TL5001L-S08-R TL5001-S08-T TL5001L-S08-T Package DIP-8 SOP-8 SOP-8 Packing Tube Tape Reel Tube
TL5001L-D08-R (1)Packing Type (2)Package Type (3)Lead Plating (1) R: Tape Reel, T: Tube (2) D08: DIP-8, S08: SOP-8 (3) L: Lead Free Plating Blank: Pb/Sn ,
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TL5001
PIN CONFIGURATION
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
VOUT VCC
1 2
8 7
GND RT DTC
COMP FB
3 4
6 5
SCP
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TL5001
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OVER OPERATING FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE RANGE (unless otherwise specified)*
PARAMETER SYMBOL RATINGS UNIT Supply Voltage (note 1) VCC 41 V Amplifier Input Voltage VI(FB) 20 V Output Voltage VOUT 51 V Output Current IOUT 21 mA Output Peak Current IO(PEAK) 100 mA Continuous Total Power Dissipation See dissipation rating table Operating Ambient Temperature Range TOPR -20 ~ +85 C Storage Temperature Range TSTG -65 ~ +150 C Note 1. All voltage values are with respect to the network ground terminal. 2. Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which the device could be permanently damaged. Absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only and functional device operation is not implied. * Stresses beyond those listed under" absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under" recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
PACKAGE DIP-8 SOP-8 TA25C POWER RATING 1000mW 725mW DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA=25C 8.0mW/C 5.8mW/C TA=70C POWER RATING 640mW 464mW TA=70C TA=70C POWER RATING POWER RATING 520mW 200mW 377mW 145mW
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Amplifier Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current COMP Source Current COMP dc Load Resistance Oscillator Timing resistor Oscillator Frequency Operating Ambient Temperature Range SYMBOL VCC VI(FB) VOUT IOUT MIN 3.6 0 MAX 40 1.5 50 20 45 250 500 85 UNIT V V V mA A k k kHz C
Rt fosc TA
100 15 20 -20
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TL5001
PARAMETER Reference Output Voltage Input Regulation Output Voltage Change with Temperature Undervoltage Lockout Threshold Voltage Upper Lower Reset VTHR TA= 25C TA= 25C TA= 25C TA= 25C TA= 25C No pullup No pullup TA= 25C SYMBOL VOUT
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE RANGE (Vcc=6V, fosc=100kHz, all typical values at TA=25C, unless otherwise noted)
TEST CONDITIONS COMP Connected to FB Vcc=3.6V ~ 40V TA= -20C ~ 25C TA= 25C ~ 85C MIN 0.95 -10 -10 TYP 1 2 -1 2 3 2.8 2.55 200 1.00 185 60 -15 1.5 100 15 1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 1 1.05 230 120 -20 MAX 1.05 12.5 10 10 UNIT V mV mV/V V V V mV V mV mV A V kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz V A V V nA V V dB MHz A A V A mA 1.5 2.1 mA mA
Hysteresis Short Circuit Protection SCP Threshold voltage SCP Voltage, Latched SCP Voltage, UVLO Standby Input Source Current SCP Comparator 1 Threshold Voltage Oscillator Frequency Standard Deviation of Frequency Frequency Change with Voltage Frequency Change with Temperature Voltage at RT Dead-time Control Output (source) Current Input Threshold Voltage Error Amplifier Input Voltage Input Bias Current Positive Negative Open-Loop Voltage Amplification Unity-Gain Bandwidth Output (sink) Current Output (source) Current Output Output Saturation Voltage Output Voltage Swing Off-State Current Short-Circuit Output Current Total Device Standby Supply Current (Off state) Average Supply Current Note: Output source current at RT
2.1 100 0.95 140 -10
f
Rt=100k Vcc=3.6V ~ 40V TA= -40C ~ 25C TA= -20C ~ 25C TA= 25C ~ 85C
-4 -4 -4
4 4 4
VRT IO(SOURCE) VI(THR) VIN II(BIAS) VO(SW) GV IO(SINK) IO(SOURCE) VO(SAT) IOFF IO(SC) ISTN-BY Rt=100k VI(FB)=1.2V, COMP=1V VI(FB)=0.8V, COMP=1V IOUT=10mA VOUT=50V,Vcc=0 VOUT=50V VOUT=6V 100 -45 V(DT)=1.5V Duty cycle=0% Duty cycle=100% Vcc=3.6V ~ 40V 0.9*IRT
(NOTE)
1.1*IRT
(NOTE)
0.5
0.7 1.3
1.5 1.5 -500 0.4
0 1.5 -160 2.3 0.3 80 1.5 600 -70 1.5
2 10 10
40 1 1.4
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TL5001
SCHEMATIC FOR TYPICAL APPLICATION
VIN +
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
TSP1101 2 VCC SCP VOUT
COMP
VOUT +
5
1 3
UTC TL5001 6 7 DTC RT GND 8 FB 4
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VCC 2 UVLO IDT 1V 1.5V Error Amplifier + FB 4 3 COMP Reference Voltage 1V 2.5V PWM/DTC Comparator RT 7 DTC 6 OUT 1
scp Comparator 1
OSC
SCP
5
scp Comparator 2 8 GND
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TL5001
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
A 2.5-V regulator operating from Vcc is used to power the internal circuitry of the TL5001 and as a reference for the error amplifier and SCP circuit. A resistive divider provides a 1-V reference for the error amplifier non-inverting input which typically is within 2% of nominal over the operating temperature range. ERROR AMPLIFIER The error amplifier compares a sample of the dc-to-dc converter output voltage to the 1-V reference and generates an error signal for the PWM comparator. The dc-to-dc converter output voltage is set by selecting the error -amplifier gain (see Figure 1), using the following expression. VOUT=(1+R1/R2) (1V)
Compensation Network R1 VI(FB) R2
3 COMP 4 FB + 8 GND VREF=1V To PWM Comparator
Figure 1.Error-Amplifier Gain Setting
The error-amplifier output is brought out as COMP for use in compensating the dc-to-dc converter control loop for stability. Because the amplifier can only source 45A, the total dc load resistance should be 100k or more. OSCILLATOR/PWM The oscillator frequency (fosc) can be set between 20kHz and 500kHz by connecting a resistor between RT and GND .Acceptable resistor values range from 15 k to 250 k. The oscillator frequency can be determined by using the graph shown in Figure 5. The oscillator output is a triangular wave with a minimum value of approximately 0.7V and a maximum value of approximately 1.3V. The PWM comparator compares the error-amplifier output voltage and the DTC input voltage to the triangular wave and turns the output transistor off whenever the triangular wave is greater than the lesser of the two inputs.
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TL5001
DETAILED DESCRIPTION(Cont.)
DEAD TIME CONTORL (DTC)
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
DTC provides a means of limiting the output-switch duty cycle to a value less than 100%, which is critical for boost and flyback converters. A current source generates a reference current (IDT) at DTC that is nominally equal to the current at the oscillator timing terminal, RT. Connecting a resistor between DTC and GND generates a dead-time reference voltage (VDT), which the PWM/DTC comparator compares to the oscillator triangle wave as described in the previous section. Nominally, the maximum duty cycle is 0% when VDT is 0.7V or less and 100% when VDT is 1.3V or greater. Because the triangle wave amplitude is a function of frequency and the source impedance of RT is relatively high(1250),choosing RDT for a specific maximum duty cycle, D, is accomplished using the following equation and the voltage limits for the frequency in question as found in Figure 11(Voscmax and Voscmin are the maximum and minimum oscillator levels): RDT=(Rt +1250)[D(Vosc max-Vosc min)+Vosc min] Where RDT and Rt are in ohms, D in decimal Soft start can be implemented by paralleling the DTC resistor with a capacitor (CDT) as shown in Figure 2. During soft start, the voltage at DTC is derived by the following equation: VDTIDTRDT(1-e(-t/RDTCDT))
6 DTC CDT RDT
UTC TL5001
Figure 2. Soft- Start Circuit
If the dc-to-dc converter must be in regulation within a specified period of time, the time constant, RDTCDT, should be t0/3 to t0/5.The UTC TL5001 remains off unit VDT0.7V, the minimum ramp value. CDT is discharged every time UVLO or SCP becomes active. UNDERVOLTAGE-LOCKOUT (UVLO) PROTECTION The undervoltage-lockout circuit turns the output transistor off and resets the SCP latch whenever the supply voltage drops too low (approximately 3V at 25 ) for proper operation. A hysteresis voltage of 200mV eliminates false triggering on noise and chattering.
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TL5001
DETAILED DESCRIPTION(Cont.)
SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION (SCP)
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
The UTC TL5001 includes short-circuit protection (see Figure 3), which turns the power switch off to prevent damage when the converter output is shorted. When activated, The SCP prevents the switch from being turned on until the internal latching circuit is reset. The circuit is reset by reducing the input voltage until UVLO becomes active or until the SCP terminal is pulled to ground externally. When a short circuit occurs, the error-amplifier output at COMP rises to increase the power-switch duty cycle in an attempt to maintain the output voltage. SCP comparator 1 starts an RC timing circuit when COMP exceeds 1.5V.If the short is removed and the error-amplifier output drops below 1.5V before time out, normal converter operation continues. If the fault is still present at the end of the time-out period, the time sets the latching circuit and turns off the UTC TL5001 output transistor.
2.5V RSCP 185k
CSCP 5
SCP From Error Amp 1.5V scp Comparator 1 Q2
12k Q1
scp Comparator 2
To Output Drive Logic
VREF=1V
Figure 3.SCP Circuit
The timer operates by charging an external capacitor (Cscp),connected between the SCP terminal and ground, towards 2.5V through a 185k resistor (Rscp).The circuit begins charging from an initial voltage of approximately 185mV and times out when capacitor voltage reaches 1V.The output of SCP comparator 2 then goes high, turns on Q2,and latches the timer circuit. The expression for setting the SCP time period is derived from the following equation: Vscp =(2.5-0.185)(1-e-t/)+0.185 Where =RscpCscp The end of the time-out period, tscp, occurs when Vscp=1V. Solving for Cscp yields: Cscp=12.46*tscp Where t is in seconds, C in F tscp must be much longer (generally 10 to 15 times) than the converter start-up period or the converter will not start. OUTPUT TRANSISTOR The output of the UTC TL5001 is an open-collector transistor with a maximum collector current rating of 21mA and a voltage rating of 51V.The output is turned on under the following conditions: the oscillator triangle wave is lower than both the DTC voltage and the error-amplifier output voltage, the UVLO circuit is inactive, and the short-circuit protection circuit is inactive.
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TL5001
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
COMP
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
2.3V 1.5V
DTC OSC PWM/DTC Comparator OUT scp Comparator 1
scp 0V 3V
1V SCP Timing Period
scp Comparator 2 VCC
NOTE A:The waveforms show timing characteristics for an intermittent short circuit and a longer short circuit that is sufficient to activate SCP. Figure 4. PWM Timing Diagram
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TL5001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VIN 5V
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
C1 100 F 10V
+
R1 470 Q1 TPS1101 L1 20 H
GND
C3 0.1 F 2 C4 1F + C4 0.1 F R2 56k R3 43k 5 V CC SCP VOUT 1 3
CR1 MBRS140T3
3.3V +
C2 100 F 10V
GND
6
COMP UTC TL5001 DTC FB GND 8
7
4
C6 0.012 F R4 5.1k
R5 7.50k 1%
R7 2.0k C7 0.0047 F
RT
R6 3.24k 1%
Partial Bill of Materials: Q1 L1 C1 C2 CR1 TPS1101 Texas Instruments CTX20-1 or Coiltronics 23 turns of #28 wire on Micrometals No. T50-26B core TPSD 107M010R0100 AVX TPSD 107M010R0100 AVX MBRS 140T3 Motorola
NOTES: A. Frequency = 200KHz B. Duty cycle = 90% max C. Soft-start time constant (TC) = 5.6ms D. SCP TC = 70msA Figure 5. Step-Down Converter
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TL5001
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
1M
Oscillator Frequency, fosc (Hz)
Oscillator Frequency vs Timing Resistance
100
Oscillator Frequency, fosc(Hz)
Oscillator Frequency vs Ambient Temperature
Vcc=6V DT Resistance=Rt TA=25
98 96 94 92 Vcc=6V 90 DT Resistance=100k Rt=100k 88 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Ambient Temperature, TA(
100k
10k 10k
100k Timing Resistance, Rt () Reference Output Voltage vs Power -Supply Voltage
1M
100
Reference Output Voltage Fluctuation, VREF (%)
2
0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -50
Reference Output Voltage Fluctuation vs Ambient Temperature Vcc=6V FB and COMP Connected Together
Reference Output Voltage, VREF(V)
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1 2 3
TA=25 FB and COMP Connected Together
4
5
6
7
8 9 10
-25
0
25
50
75
100
Power-Supply Voltage, Vcc (V)
Ambient Temperature, TA (
Average Supply Current, Icc(mA)
Rt=100k TA=25 1.5
Aver age Supply Current, Icc (mA)
2
Average Supply Current vs Power -Supply Voltage
1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9
Average Supply Current vs Ambient Temperature
1
0.5
0
0
30 10 20 Power-Supply Voltage, Vcc (V)
40
Vcc=6V 0.8 DT Resistance=100k Rt=100k 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 Ambient Temperature, TA (
75
100
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TL5001
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Cont.)
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
Triancle Wave Amplitude Voltage, PWM (V)
1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0 10k
Vcc=6V TA=25
Error Amplifier Output Voltage, VOUT(V)
1.8
PWM Triangle Wave Amplitude Voltage vs Oscillator Frequency
Vcc=6V TA=25 C 2.5 VI(FB)=1.2V 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6
3
Error Amplifier Output Voltage vs Output(Sink)Current
Voscmax(100% duty cycle )
Voscmin(zero duty cycle )
100k
1M
10M
Oscillator Frequency, fosc (Hz)
Output(Sink)Current, IoUT (mA)
Error Amplifier Output Voltage, VoUT (V)
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 Vcc=6V TA=25 C VI(FB)=0.8V 40 80 100 120 20 60 Output(Source)Current, IoUT(uA)
Vo- Error Amplifier Output Voltage -V
3
Error Amplifier Output Voltage vs Output(Source)Current
2.46 2.45 2.44 2.43 2.42 2.41 2.40 -50
Error Amplifier Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperature
Vcc=6V VI(FB)=0.8V No Load -25 0 25 50 75 100
Ambient Temperature, TA( Error Amplifier Open-Loop Gain and Phase Shift vs Frequency 40 -180 Vcc=6V TA=25 30 -210 20 Gv 10 0 -10 -20 10k 100k 1M -270 -300 -330 -360 10M -240
Vcc=6V 220 VI(FB)=1.2V No Load 200 180 160 140 120 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Ambient Temperature, TA( C)
Frequency, f(Hz)
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Error Amplifier Open -Loop Gain, Gv (dB)
240
Error Amplifier Output Voltage, VoUT (V)
Error Amplifier Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperature
Er ror Amplifier Open -Loop G ain, Gv(dB)
TL5001
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Cont.)
Output Duty Cycle vs DTC Voltage
tscp-scp Time-Out Per iod -ms
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
120 100
Output Duty Cycle-%
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 20
Scp-Time-Output Period vs SCP Capacitance
Vcc=6V TA=25 Rt =100
80 60 40 20 0 0 0.5 1 DTC Voltage -V DTC Output Current vs RT Output Current 1.5 2
Vcc=6V TA=25 Rt =100 DT Resistance =200k 40 60 80 100 120
Cscp-scp Capacitance -nF Output Saturation Voltage vs Output (Sink) Current Vcc=6V TA=25
-60
2
Output S aturation Voltage, VCE (V)
DTC Output Current, Io(DT) (A)
TA=25 -50 DT Voltage =1.3V -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 RT Output Current, IoUT (A) -60
1.5
1
0.5
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
Output(Sink)Current, Io(SINK) (mA)
UTC assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all UTC products described or contained herein. UTC products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can be reasonably expected to result in personal injury. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice.
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